?? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ? ???? ? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????! ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ? ????????. ?????? ?????| ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ?? ???. ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????! ???? ??

??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? / within the late 9th century Ibn al-Nadim, a Baghdadi bookseller, compiled a crucial ????? ?????? get the job done while in the analyze of Arabic literature. The Kitab al-Fihrist is usually a catalogue of all tex